3.4. MethodsΒΆ
Classes have special functions defined only for their own members called class methods, or simply methods. Methods are called on an object by following that object with .methodname(). We saw methods like .isround() in action above. Built-in classes like str have methods too!
# The upper() method changes all characters in a string to uppercase
introduction = 'Hi, my name is...'
introduction.upper()
'HI, MY NAME IS...'
# The isdigit() method checks if all characters in a string are digits
'12345'.isdigit()
True
Using the help() function on a class shows all methods available to instances of that class. The __methods__ are private methods used internally by Python. Skip down to capitalize(...) to see the methods available to us.
help(str)
# The capitalize method capitalizes the fist letter of the str
'united states'.capitalize()
There are many methods of objects in Python which can be handy, but to give us a better sense of how methods work, we will first have to talk about Functions.